Many years ago (turns out to be 1999), Car and Driver magazine did a comparison test for winter driving, where they asked the question of if you could only have one or the other ...
snow tires -OR- four wheel drive ... which would be more beneficial?
Obviously, having both 4WD and snow tires is the best combination, but the intent here was to ask which provided more of the benefits, since neither one is free.
By supreme providence, I happened to rediscovered this 1999 article. It is linked above (and again
here).
Its a nice read, but I know that we all want a shorter summary.
Here's Car&Driver's tests summary:
Hill-Climbing Traction: 4WD
Straight-Line Acceleration Performance: 4WD
Braking: Snow Tires
Handling/Lateral Acceleration: Snow Tires
Handling/Slalom: Snow Tires
And C&D's conclusion:
Four-wheel drive helps get cars going. When it comes time to brake or change direction on low-traction surfaces, the extra mass of the driveline becomes more of a detriment. Folks who live in hilly places that get snow may need the climbing capability of four-wheel drive...Almost everyone else will most likely be better served by using winter tires. Acceleration takes longer, but in an emergency, the handling behavior and improved lateral grip of two-wheel drive and winter tires -- in the slippery stuff -- are the safer bets. In other words, snows before 4WD.
If you need a catchy sound-byte, try:
With 4WD, you may have 4 wheel 'go', but everyone has 4 wheel 'stop'. The general reprocussions are that 4WD without snows will get you moving...but into trouble from which your tires aren't adequate to save you from. Snows without 4WD might not let you get moving as easily, but you'll have better roadhandling and shorter stops, which means more likely to get home safely.
Its winter again in the Northeast USA, so let's all be careful out there.
-hh